Copper Tripeptide-1 is a carrier peptide used in skincare formulations to support collagen, elastin and glycosaminoglycan synthesis and improve skin appearance.

Palmitoyl Tripeptide-1 is a signal peptide used in skincare formulations and studied for its role in supporting skin structure and reducing the appearance of wrinkles.

Anti-aging peptides are cosmetic ingredients studied for their effects on skin renewal, collagen synthesis, antioxidant protection and other signs of skin ageing.

Adansonia Digitata Seed Oil, or Baobab Oil, is a nutrient-rich plant oil used as an emollient and conditioning ingredient for skin and hair.

Mentha Piperita, commonly known as peppermint, is an aromatic plant valued in cosmetics for its fresh fragrance, cooling sensation and refreshing properties.

Resveratrol is a plant-derived antioxidant polyphenol found in red grapes and red wine, widely studied for its potential anti-ageing and skin-protective properties.

Retinol is the primary naturally occurring form of vitamin A, widely used in skincare formulations and known for its role in maintaining healthy-looking skin.

Collagen is a structural protein that supports skin structure, suppleness and elasticity, while collagen-derived ingredients are used in cosmetics for conditioning and hydration.

Undaria Pinnatifida, also known as Wakame or Japanese kelp, is a marine algae used in cosmetics for its skin-conditioning and anti-ageing properties.

Microplastics are tiny plastic particles smaller than 5 mm that can arise from plastic fragmentation or be intentionally manufactured for use in products.

Greenwashing is the practice of misleading consumers about the environmental benefits of a company, product or service through unsupported or exaggerated claims.

Bioplastics are materials that are biobased, biodegradable or compostable, and can be used as alternatives to conventional plastics in cosmetic packaging.

Injection moulding is a manufacturing process used to produce accurate plastic components such as cosmetic closures, overcaps and reducing plugs.

A neck finish defines the dimensions and thread configuration of a bottle opening and determines which cap or closure is compatible with the packaging.

Injection Stretch Blow Moulding (ISB) is a process that manufacturers high quality containers in PET to produce a clarity similar to glass.

Extrusion blow moulding is a plastic manufacturing process used to produce bottles and containers by extruding and inflating a heated plastic tube inside a mould.

PCR material is recycled plastic recovered from post-consumer waste and reused to manufacture new packaging, reducing the need for virgin plastic.

Conditioning agents improve the feel and appearance of hair and skin by making them smoother, softer, more manageable and comfortable.

Nanomaterials are intentionally manufactured materials with nanoscale dimensions or structures that can have properties different from their conventional forms.

Systemic Exposure Dose (SED) estimates how much of a cosmetic ingredient becomes systemically available after use and supports quantitative cosmetic safety assessment.

Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Seed Oil is a plant-derived cosmetic oil rich in fatty acids and glycerides, used to moisturise, soften and help protect the skin.

Hedera Helix Extract, derived from ivy leaves, is used in cosmetics for its skin-conditioning, astringent, antimicrobial and soothing properties.

Glycine Soja (Soybean) Oil is a lightweight plant-derived oil used as an emollient and moisturising ingredient in skincare, haircare and body care products.

Glycerin, also known as glycerol, is a widely used cosmetic moisturiser that helps increase skin moisture and protect the skin from dryness.

Gluconolactone is a gluconic acid derivative used in cosmetic and personal care products, including skincare, cleansing products, bath products, shampoos and mouthwashes.

Ferulic Acid is a plant-derived antioxidant and natural UV absorber used in cosmetic formulations to help protect skin and formulations from oxidative stress.

Eucalyptus Globulus Leaf Extract is a botanical cosmetic ingredient rich in eucalyptol and other plant compounds, valued for its refreshing, antioxidant and skin-conditioning properties.

Ectoin is a natural active cosmetic ingredient used for its skin-conditioning and stabilising properties, particularly in formulations designed to help protect skin from environmental stress.