Tranexamic Acid – Cosmetic Uses in Uneven Skin Tone and Pigmentation Care

What Is Tranexamic Acid?

Tranexamic acid is a synthetic derivative of the amino acid lysine. It is a white crystalline, water-soluble compound that has been investigated for topical cosmetic applications, particularly in formulations targeting pigmentation concerns.

Cosmetic Uses of Tranexamic Acid

Tranexamic acid is increasingly used in skin care products designed to improve the appearance of uneven skin tone and hyperpigmentation. It is particularly associated with products targeting the appearance of melasma and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation.

It can be incorporated into serums, creams, lotions and other leave-on skin care products. Clinical research has investigated topical formulations containing concentrations including 2% and 5%, although the appropriate concentration depends on the formulation, intended use and applicable regulatory requirements.

Formulation Considerations

Tranexamic acid is water soluble, making it suitable for aqueous systems such as serums, gels and emulsions. During formulation development, pH, preservatives, other active ingredients and packaging should be considered when assessing compatibility and stability.

The finished formulation should undergo appropriate stability and skin-tolerability testing. Combining tranexamic acid with other ingredients targeting uneven pigmentation may require particular attention to formulation pH and irritation potential.

Regulatory Considerations

Tranexamic acid is primarily recognised as a pharmaceutical active ingredient rather than a conventional cosmetic ingredient. Its regulatory status and permitted use should therefore be assessed in the target market.

Product claims should also be carefully considered, as claims that a product treats or prevents a medical condition may affect whether the product is classified as a cosmetic or medicinal product.

Ingredient Information

INCI: Tranexamic Acid
CAS: 1197-18-8
EC: 214-818-2
Molecular Formula: C₈H₁₅NO₂
Molecular Weight: 157.21 g/mol
Chemical Class: Amino Acid Derivative
Functions: Skin Conditioning Agent, Skin Brightening Agent

References

AlJabr, A., AlAnazi, A. M. I., and AlEtebi, R. A. A. “Tranexamic Acid for Hyperpigmentation Disorders: A Literature Review on Efficacy and Safety in Melasma and PIH.” Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 2026, 25(2), e70692. DOI: 10.1111/jocd.70692.

Maeda, K. “Mechanism of Action of Topical Tranexamic Acid in the Treatment of Melasma and Sun-Induced Skin Hyperpigmentation.” Cosmetics, 2022, 9(5), 108. DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics9050108.

Konisky, H., Balazic, E., Jaller, J. A., Khanna, U., and Kobets, K. “Tranexamic acid in melasma: A focused review on drug administration routes.” Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 2023, 22(4), 1197–1206. DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15589.

Na Ayuthaya, K. P., Niumphradit, N., Manosroi, A., and Nakakes, A. “Topical 5% tranexamic acid for the treatment of melasma in Asians: a double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial.” Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy, 2012, 14(3), 150–154. DOI: 10.3109/14764172.2012.685478.

Kim, K. M. and Lim, H. W. “The uses of tranexamic acid in dermatology: a review.” International Journal of Dermatology, 2023, 62(5), 589–598. DOI: 10.1111/ijd.16160.

National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem – Tranexamic Acid.