Shear stress
Shear stress describes the tangential force acting on a material and is normally expressed in pascals (Pa).
In cosmetic manufacturing, shear stress can occur during mixing, homogenization, pumping, filling and other mechanical operations.
The relationship between shear stress and shear rate provides information about the rheological behavior of the formulation.
Cosmetic Applications
Understanding shear stress can help determine how a cream, gel, paste or suspension will behave when processed and applied.
Products with a defined yield stress require sufficient applied stress before they begin flowing.
Formulation Development
Rheological measurements can be used to compare different formulations and to determine whether changes in polymer concentration, emulsifier level or processing conditions have altered the product structure.
References
Barnes, H. A. A Handbook of Elementary Rheology.
ISO 3219-1. Rheology — Part 1: General principles and rheometry.
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